In the 10th century, the Vermenagna-Roya territory was occupied by the Saracens. After their departure, the religious renewal of the great Benedictine abbeys, including that of Pedona (Borgo San Dalmazzo), accompanied the feudalization of society in the 11th century, by the Marquises of Saluzzo and the Counts of Ventimiglia. The monks gave impetus to the construction of churches and chapels according to their criteria: basilica plan, apse and apsidal semi-dome, lateral bell towers with apse roof, archway decorations and pilasters. The lords established strategic fortresses between Ventimiglia and Cuneo and fortified the villages where the feudal communities gathered. Between the 11th and 14th centuries, the walls covered with hammer-carved blocks and erected by regular beds evolved slowly. Subsequently, the development of explosive powders in the 15th century facilitated the production of non-carved construction stones and lime, which allowed them to be stacked more quickly with more mortar.
The remains of feudal fortifications, churches and chapels, mule tracks linked by narrow passages, carved architraves and frescoes with religious symbols, still exist in this area.
The “medieval” itinerary proposes the discovery of the most relevant heritage of this era.